Etiquettes of Prayers
When you intend to perform the prayer, you may say the following:
Dua before adhan
اَللّهُمَّ اِنّى اُقَدِّمُ اِلَيْكَ
مُحَمَّدا صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ
بَيْنَ يَدَىْ حَاجَتى
وَاَتَوَجَّهُ بِهِ اِلَيْكَ
فَاجْعَلْنِى بِهِ وَجِيْهاً عِنْدَكَ
فِى الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ وَمِنَ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ
وَاجْعَلْ صَلواتِى بِهِ مَقْبُولَةً
وَذَنْبى بِهِ مَغْفُورا
وَدُعآئِى بِهِ مُسْتَجَابا
اِنَّكَ اَنْتَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ
You may then utter the call to prayer (i.e. adhan) and say the prefatory part of prayer (i.e. iqamah). You may separate the two with a prostration or a sitting position, saying the following:
Dua after adhan and before iqamah
اَللّهُمَّ اجْعَل قَلْبى باَّرّا
وَعَيْشى قآرّا
وَرِزْقى دآرّا
وَاجْعَلْ لى عِنْدَ قَبْرِ رَسُولِكَ
صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ
مُسْتَقَرّا وَقَرارا
You may now pray Almighty Allah for anything you wish and beseech Him to grant you whatever you need, because any supplication that is said between the adhan and Iqamah will not be rejected.
After uttering the Iqamah, you may say the following:
Dua after iqamah and before takbir
اَللّهُمَّ اِلَيْكَ تَوَجَّهْتُ
وَمَرَضاتَكَ طَلَبْتُ
وَثَوابَكَ ابْتَغَيْتُ
وَبِكَ آمَنْتُ
وَعَلَيْكَ تَوَكَّلْتُ
اَللّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلى مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ
وَافْتَحْ مَسامِعَ قَلْبى لِذِكْرِكَ
وَثَبِّتْنى عَلى دينِكَ
وَلا تُزِغْ قَلْبى بَعْدَ اِذْ هَدَيْتَنى
وَهَبْ لى مِنْ لَدُنْكَ رَحْمَةً
اِنَّكَ اَنْتَ الْوَهّابُ
Then make your intention for the prayer you are about to start and recite Takbiratul Ihram. It is recommended to add six more takbir statements before starting the recitation of surah al-Fatiha along with a small dhikr after each couple as follows:
Dhikr after 3rd takbir
اَللّهُمَّ اَنْتَ الْمَلِكُ الْحَقُّ الْمُبينُ
لا اِلهَ اِلاّ اَنْتَ
سُبْحانَكَ
اِنّى ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسى فَاغْفِرْ لى ذَنْبى
اِنَّهُ لا يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ اِلاّ اَنْتَ
Dhikr after 5th takbir
لَبَّيْكَ وَسَعْدَيْكَ
وَالْخَيْرُ فى يَدَيْكَ
وَالشَّرُّ لَيْسَ اِلَيْكَ
وَالْمَهْدِىُّ مَنْ هَدَيْتَ
عَبْدُكَ وَابْنُ عَبْدَيْكَ
ذَليلٌ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ
مِنْكَ وَبِكَ وَلَكَ وَاِلَيْكَ
لا مَلْجَاءَ وَلا مَنْجا
وَلا مَفَرَّ مِنْكَ اِلاّ اِلَيْكَ
سُبْحانَكَ وَحَنانَيْكَ
تَبارَكْتَ وَتَعالَيْتَ
سُبْحانَكَ رَبَّ الْبَيْتِ الْحَرامِ .
Dhikr after 7th takbir
وَجَّهْتُ وَجْهِىَ لِلَّذى فَطَرَ السَّمواتِ وَالاَرْضَ
عالِمِ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهادَةِ
حَنيفا مُسْلِما
وَما اَنَا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكينَ
اِنَّ صَلوتى وَنُسُكى وَمَحْياىَ وَمَماتى
لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمينَ
لا شَريكَ لَهُ
وَبِذلِكَ اُمِرْتُ
وَاَ نَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمينَ
Before you begin with the recitation (qira’ah: reciting certain Quranic chapters in the prayers), you may say the statement of seeking protection (isti’adhah) in a low tone:
اعوذ باللّه من الشّيطان الرّجيم
Recite two surahs
In the first two units it is obligatory to recite surah al-Fatihah first, followed by another surah. There are different surahs recommended for different times, but it is narrated that Imam Ali (as) used to often recite surah al-Tawheed in both units so that is what I do now. It is also recommended to recite the following statement three times whenever surah al-Tawheed is recited:
كذلك اللّه ربى (x3)
Before tashahhud and tasleem
بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ وَبِاللّٰهِ
وَالاَسْمآءُ الْحُسْنى كُلُّها لِلَّهِ
وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَخَيْرُ الاَسْمآءِ لِلَّهِ
Tashahhud and tasleem
Tashahhud:
أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلٰهَ إِلاّ الله
وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِیكَ لَهُ
وَ أَشَهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُه
أَللّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلىٰ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّد
Tasleem:
اَلسَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ اَيُّها ٱلنَّبِىُّ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَ بَرَكاتُه
اَلسَّلامُ عَلَينا وَ عَلىٰ عِبادِ اللهِ الصّالِحِينَ
اَلسَّلامُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَ بَرَكاتُه
Takbir three times
On completing the prayer, it is recommended to say the takbir statement three times before any other recommended action
الله اكبر (x3)
Tasbeeh al-Fatimah al-Zahra (sa)
Reciting the tasbeeh of al-Zahra (sa) is the next most recommended action after any prayer.
الله اكبر (x3)
الحمد لله (x3)
سبحان الله (x3)
Then say:
لا اله الا الله
Imam al-Sadiq(a.s.) is reported to have said, “Whoever glorifies (Almighty Allah) with Tasbih al-Zahra’ after every obligatory prayer and follows it with la ilaha illaAllahu, Almighty Allah will forgive him.”
After asr recite istighfar 70 times
اَسْتَغْفِرُ اللّٰهَ رَبّى وَاَتُوبُ اِلَيْهِ (x70)